Kane Dead Reckoning Computer Manual
An E6B flight computer commonly used by student pilots. They are mostly used in, because these flight computers have been replaced with electronic planning tools or software and websites that make these calculations for the pilots. These flight computers are used during flight planning (on the ground before takeoff) to aid in calculating fuel burn, wind correction, time en route, and other items. In the air, the flight computer can be used to calculate ground speed, estimated fuel burn and updated estimated time of arrival. The back is designed for wind vector solutions, i.e., determining how much the wind is affecting one's speed and course. Closeup photo of a metal E6B.
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The device's original name is E-6B, but is often abbreviated as E6B, or hyphenated in other variations for commercial purposes. The E-6B was developed in the by Naval Lt. (1903–1941) in the late 1930s. The name comes from its original part number for the, before. Philip Dalton was a graduate who joined the as an artillery officer, but soon resigned and became a pilot from 1931 until he died in a plane crash with a student practicing spins. He, with, invented, patented and marketed a series of flight computers.
Dalton's first popular computer was his 1933 Model B, the circular slide rule with True Airspeed (TAS) and Altitude corrections pilots know so well. In 1936 he put a double-drift diagram on its reverse to create what the U.S. Army Air Corps (USAAC) designated as the E-1, E-1A and E-1B. A couple of years later he invented the Mark VII, again using his Model B slide rule as a focal point. It was hugely popular with both the military and the airlines. Even 's navigator used one on their last flight.
Dalton felt that it was a rushed design, and wanted to create something more accurate, easier to use, and able to handle higher flight speeds. Closeup photo of a cardboard E6B. So he came up with his now famous wind arc slide, but printed on an endless cloth belt moved inside a square box by a knob.
He applied for a patent in 1936 (granted in 1937 as 2,097,116). This was for the Model C, D and G computers widely used in World War II by the British Commonwealth (as the 'Dalton Dead Reckoning Computer'), the, copied by the Japanese, and improved on by the Germans, through 's invention of the disc-type Dreieckrechner device, somewhat similar to the eventual E6B's backside dial in general appearance, but having the compass rose on the front instead for real-time calculations of the wind triangle at any time while in flight. These are commonly available on collectible auction web sites. Army Air Corps decided the endless belt computer cost too much to manufacture, so later in 1937 Dalton morphed it to a simple, rigid, flat wind slide, with his old Model B circular slide rule included on the reverse.
He called this prototype his Model H; the Army called it the E-6A. In 1938 the Army wrote formal specifications, and had him make a few changes, which Weems called the Model J. The changes included moving the '10' mark to the top instead of the original '60'. This 'E-6B' was introduced to the Army in 1940, but it took for the (as the former 'Army Air Corps' was renamed on June 20, 1941) to place a large order. Over 400,000 E-6Bs were manufactured during World War II, mostly of a plastic that glows under. (Cockpits were illuminated this way at night.) The base name 'E-6' was fairly arbitrary, as there were no standards for stock numbering at the time.
Kane Dead Reckoning Computer Instructions
For example, other USAAC computers of that time were the C-2, D-2, D-4, E-1 and G-1, and flight pants became E-1s as well. Most likely they chose 'E' because Dalton's previously combined time and wind computer had been the E-1. The 'B' simply meant it was the production model. The designation 'E-6B' was officially marked on the device only for a couple of years. By 1943 the Army and Navy changed the marking to their joint standard, the AN-C-74 (Army/Navy Computer 74).
A year or so later it was changed to AN-5835, and then to AN-5834 (1948). The called later updates the MB-4 (1953) and the CPU-26 (1958), but navigators and most instruction manuals continued using the original E-6B name. Many just called it the 'Dalton Dead Reckoning Computer', one of its original markings. Backside of the military 6B/345 After Dalton's death, Weems updated the E-6B and tried calling it the E-6C, E-10, and so forth, but finally fell back on the original name, which was so well known by 50,000 World War II Army Air Force navigator veterans.
After the patent ran out, many manufacturers made copies, sometimes using a marketing name of 'E6-B' (note the moved hyphen). An aluminium version was made by the London Name Plate Mfg. Of London and Brighton and was marked 'Computer Dead Reckoning Mk.
6B/2645' followed by the of UK military stores. Imagenomic portraiture serial. During World War II and into the early 1950s, The London Name Plate Mfg. Produced a 'Height & True Airspeed Computer Mk. IV' with the model reference '6B/345'.
The tool provided for calculation of the True Air Speed on the front side and Time-Speed calculations in relation to the altitude on the backside. They were still in use throughout the 1960s and 1970s in several European Air Forces, such as the German Air Force, until modern avionics made them obsolete. References in popular culture. 'My eyes are dim I cannot see, I have not got my E-6B with me, over the Valley of the Ruhr'.
(World War II USAAC ditty). 'His computer is the instrument on which he stakes his life. Don’t ask for his computer, for he’d sooner lend his wife'. (Navigator's Song, 1943). In the episode ', uses an E-6B to calculate the time of impact of the with a planet. In the episodes ' and ', he is seen holding an E-6B.
See also., inventor of the similar, contemporary Dreieckrechner flight calculator. References.